Note that all of the items in the lists are related. Another important point on how to use "etc. Because it is an abbreviation, you must place a period at the end of it, no matter where it may appear. Excetera, etcetra, and exedra are common mis-spellings, so get it right. This rule is simple. Never, never, never use "etc. This rule is quite simple. If it is in parentheses in the middle of a sentence or at the end of a sentence, no comma is needed. The only exception is the period at the end of a sentence. Oh, yes, you can use it, certainly, in essays you may write for an English course.

But use it sparingly in research works. We'll email you a temporary link to change your password. We have to be sure that all our customers get the best experience possible while using our website. Manage Settings Continue with Recommended Cookies. Some people think this form sounds a bit jarring. You usually only need to list two or three things before ending the sentence. Most people steer clear of it just in case it is misconstrued as a more informal construct. Often, only the most notable names will be listed. The only difference is that it is English rather than Latin.

Informative essays are usually based on facts or information found in books or online articles. Therefore, referencing other works that deal with similar topics can often help provide clarity about your topic. Doing so does not necessarily mean that you are copying from another source; rather, it shows that you are doing your own research and thinking critically about the material. An informative essay should always end with a summary statement that restates the main idea of the piece. This summary should be written at a level that everyone can understand it.

Without a doubt, sure. Every academic work has a certain structure , as is well known. It differs from a thesis, coursework, term paper, and so on for essays. Term papers are made up of chapters, and each one must be properly constructed in accordance with the guidelines. Chapters can be divided into sections or subsubsections. The only thing that cannot be done with essays is to write about one subject for an indefinite length of time. When you reach 1, words or more, it's time to stop and move on to another topic. But this is not a problem because there are so many things to talk about! As for the other types of academic works, you can divide them into chapters too.

They just don't have any special name for these divisions. In fact, they are just as useful as chapters when it comes to writing an essay or another type of academic work. For example, let's say that you are writing a dissertation and want to divide it into different parts. You could call these parts "chapters" and then go ahead and describe their contents in detail. This way, you would be following a standard format and your reader would know what to expect next, which makes your work much easier to read.

However, you can also do this without naming your divisions chapters if you like. The fundamental terms and, but, so, and because are commonly used to connect phrases. Academic language provides alternate words and phrases to help your sentences flow smoothly. The majority of these terms connect two separate sentences and adhere to comparable punctuation and grammatical norms. However, they are not always interchangeable. Knowing the difference can help you write clearer essays. Some common connecting words include: however, also, therefore, thus, then, hence, so, yet, moreover, additionally, likewise, further, finally, firstly, secondly, thirdly, fourthly, fifthly, sixthly, seventhly, eighthly, ninthly, and tenthly.

These words can be used as subject connectors, object connectors, or prepositions. As subject connectors, they indicate a relationship between two subjects in a sentence. As object connectors, they indicate a relationship between an object and its corresponding verb or adjective. And as prepositions, they show a relation between two objects or two parts of the same object. Other common connecting words include: even though, although, while, whether, for which, who, that, what, where, when, why, how. These words can be used as conjunction connectors. As conjunction connectors, they indicate a relationship between two independent clauses within the same sentence.

Authors are encouraged to follow the spirit of ethical writing and avoid copying previously published content unless it is done in accordance with accepted academic practices e. Authors should also be aware that certain topics may not be appropriate for undergraduate students.

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If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. Manage Settings Continue with Recommended Cookies. Some people think this form sounds a bit jarring. You usually only need to list two or three things before ending the sentence. Most people steer clear of it just in case it is misconstrued as a more informal construct. Often, only the most notable names will be listed. The only difference is that it is English rather than Latin. You might also be able to use this one less specifically, allowing it to refer to people, objects, and situations. It is a formal phrase in itself. Even though it is an abbreviation, it is common in formal writing.

You may use it to extend a list without stating the objects inside it. You may also like: Etcetera or Et cetera? Vendor List Privacy Policy.

is always followed by period full stop. As object connectors, they indicate a relationship between an object and its corresponding verb or adjective. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. You establish the category and then give a few examples. Bahasa Indonesia: Menggunakan "Etc.

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